Best Bitcoin Mixers in 2026: How They Work

  vor 6 Monaten

Bitcoin mixers are services designed to obscure the origin of BTC transactions, giving users an added layer of privacy. In this guide, we examine some of the leading Bitcoin mixers available today and explain how they work. Before exploring specific services, it’s essential to understand Bitcoin’s privacy model and its limitations, as well as how mixers attempt to enhance anonymity. Bitcoin isn’t completely private Many newcomers to cryptocurrency assume that Bitcoin is fully anonymous. In reality, that’s not the case. On the surface, Bitcoin can appear anonymous because users are not required to provide personal information to create a wallet or send transactions. The network itself does not store names or identities. Bitcoin addresses are simply alphanumeric strings with no built-in personal data. However, Bitcoin runs on a fully transparent blockchain. Every transaction ever made is permanently recorded on a public ledger. Anyone can use a blockchain explorer, such as Blockchain.com, to trace transactions all the way back to Bitcoin’s launch in 2009. This transparency means that your activity isn’t necessarily private just because your name isn’t publicly attached to your wallet address. For example, if you buy Bitcoin with fiat currencies like USD or EUR on a regulated exchange, you typically must complete identity verification (KYC). When you withdraw BTC to your own wallet, the exchange keeps a record linking your identity to that withdrawal address, even though that information doesn’t appear directly on the blockchain. Such records could potentially be exposed through data breaches, insider leaks, or legal requests. In short, while the Bitcoin protocol itself doesn’t require identity data, real-world interactions often create traceable connections. How Bitcoin mixers improve privacy Bitcoin mixers are designed to make blockchain analysis more difficult by obscuring the trail of funds. In simple terms, a mixer collects BTC from multiple users, pools the coins together, and redistributes equivalent amounts back to participants. To further complicate tracking, mixers often randomize transaction amounts and introduce time delays. The basic idea is straightforward: you send BTC to a mixer and later receive roughly the same amount back (minus fees). The coins you receive are much harder to link to your original transaction, making it more difficult for observers to trace their origin. The best Bitcoin mixers in 2026 Before using any mixing service, check the laws in your jurisdiction. Cryptocurrency regulations differ widely across countries, and a service that is legal in one region may be restricted in another. Below is an overview of some of the top Bitcoin mixers in 2026. 1. Mixero.io – Enhanced privacy with optional Monero bridge Mixero.io is a Bitcoin mixing service built around CoinJoin technology. It also offers an advanced mode that routes BTC through Monero (XMR) before converting it back to Bitcoin, adding another layer of obfuscation. This option comes with higher fees. Users can increase their fee to prioritize faster processing. Standard CoinJoin fees begin at 0.7% plus a fixed 0.0003 BTC. The advanced XMR bridge option starts at 1.6% and can rise to 4.7% for accelerated execution. Users may also delay payouts for up to 168 hours (7 days). Beyond Bitcoin, Mixero supports ETH mixing, which may appeal to users seeking privacy across multiple major cryptocurrencies. Key features: CoinJoin-based BTC mixing Optional Monero (XMR) bridge for additional privacy Adjustable fees for faster processing Fees from 0.7% (standard) and 1.6% (advanced) Optional delays up to 7 days Supports BTC and ETH 2. Tornado Cash – Decentralized Ethereum mixer Tornado Cash is a decentralized privacy protocol built primarily on Ethereum. It uses smart contracts to break the on-chain link between sender and recipient. Users deposit fixed amounts (for example, 1 ETH or 100 ETH) into shared pools and later withdraw to a different address. Because many participants deposit identical amounts, linking deposits to withdrawals becomes significantly more difficult. Tornado Cash supports multiple tokens and networks, though most usage takes place on Ethereum. By standardizing deposit amounts and pooling liquidity, the protocol strengthens anonymity as more users participate. As of December 2025, Tornado Cash holds over $1 billion in total value locked (TVL), with ETH representing the majority of funds alongside assets such as TORN, BNB, and DAI. Key features: Smart contract-based privacy protocol Fixed-denomination deposit pools Multi-token and multi-network support Over $1 billion in total value locked 3. Wasabi Wallet – Privacy-focused Bitcoin wallet Wasabi Wallet is a non-custodial Bitcoin wallet that includes built-in CoinJoin functionality. Because it is non-custodial, users retain control of their private keys at all times. CoinJoin transactions through Wasabi carry a 0.3% coordinator fee in addition to standard network fees. However, this coordinator fee is waived for CoinJoin transactions under 0.01 BTC. By default, Wasabi routes all traffic through the Tor network to enhance privacy, although users can choose to disable this setting. Key features: Integrated CoinJoin functionality Non-custodial wallet with full key control 0.3% coordinator fee (waived under 0.01 BTC) Tor-enabled by default 4. Mixer.money – Two distinct privacy modes Founded in 2016, Mixer.money is an established Bitcoin mixing service offering a straightforward interface and two main modes: standard mixing and “complete anonymity.” The standard option charges a randomized fee between 1% and 1.5% to enhance privacy and typically completes within two hours. It supports transactions from 0.001 BTC to 1 BTC and uses liquidity from its user base. The “complete anonymity” mode offers stronger privacy protections but costs between 4% and 5% and can take up to 10 hours. In this mode, liquidity is sourced from cryptocurrency exchanges. Mixer.money is accessible via both the regular web and the Tor network. It also provides a Telegram bot that allows users to initiate mixing directly within Telegram. As a centralized service, Mixer.money requires users to trust the operator. Key features: Operating since 2016 Two mixing modes (standard and enhanced) Accessible via Tor Telegram bot integration 5. Railgun – Smart contract-based privacy system RAILGUN is a smart contract-powered privacy system that shields transaction details directly on-chain. It hides information such as sender, recipient, token type, and amount using “Private Balances,” which create a shared anonymity pool. Within the Railgun ecosystem, transactions appear to originate from this collective pool, making it difficult to determine who initiated a transfer or which assets were involved. Privacy improves as the number of users and total value locked increases. Popular tokens like USDC or DAI generally provide stronger anonymity due to higher usage compared to less widely used assets. Railgun can be accessed through compatible wallets such as Railway Wallet , which enables zk-SNARK-powered private transactions without revealing balances. Key features: Conceals sender, recipient, token, and amount Uses Private Balances to expand anonymity Privacy increases with participation and TVL Accessible via zk-SNARK-enabled wallets Are Bitcoin mixers legal? In many jurisdictions, Bitcoin mixers are not explicitly illegal. However, because most do not implement Know Your Customer (KYC) or anti-money laundering (AML) procedures, they often operate in a regulatory gray area. Unless a service is specifically banned, users generally do not face legal consequences simply for using a mixer. That said, authorities have shut down numerous mixing services and prosecuted several operators. While mixers can serve legitimate privacy purposes, they have also been used by criminals — for example, to launder stolen funds. This association has made them controversial and subject to regulatory scrutiny. Notable enforcement actions include: Bestmixer.io shut down by Europol and Dutch authorities (2019) Bitcoin Fog operator arrested and charged in the U.S. (2021) Tornado Cash sanctioned by OFAC (2022), with sanctions lifted in 2025 ChipMixer shut down by U.S. and German authorities (2023) Are Bitcoin mixers safe? Safety depends largely on the specific service. Centralized mixers require users to trust that operators will not misuse deposited funds. It’s also important to understand that mixing does not guarantee complete anonymity. The effectiveness of privacy measures varies by implementation, and blockchain analytics tools continue to evolve. In some cases, investigators may still trace coins that have passed through mixing services. Additionally, some exchanges and crypto platforms may flag or restrict wallets that have interacted with mixers. Conclusion: Addressing Bitcoin’s privacy gaps Bitcoin is pseudonymous, not fully anonymous. Although wallet addresses are not directly tied to names on-chain, transactions can often be traced with sufficient analysis. Mixers attempt to make blockchain activity harder to follow, offering users greater financial privacy. However, because they are sometimes associated with illicit activity, they remain controversial and frequently attract regulatory attention even in regions where they are not explicitly prohibited.

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Bitfinex Securities Boldly Resumes $10M Tokenized Bond Issuance Amid Regulatory Uncertainty

  vor 6 Monaten

BitcoinWorld Bitfinex Securities Boldly Resumes $10M Tokenized Bond Issuance Amid Regulatory Uncertainty Bitfinex Securities has announced the resumption of its $10 million tokenized bond offering on the Bitcoin Liquid Network this week, marking a significant development in the evolution of on-chain securities markets. This strategic move comes during a period of intense regulatory scrutiny surrounding stablecoin yield payments in the United States, positioning the platform at the intersection of technological innovation and financial regulation. The bond issuance represents the first such offering since the company’s $6.2 million tokenized bond in 2023, demonstrating continued institutional interest in blockchain-based financial instruments despite market volatility and regulatory challenges. Bitfinex Securities Tokenized Bond Mechanics and Structure Bitfinex Securities operates as a regulated platform for issuing and trading tokenized securities, leveraging blockchain technology to create more efficient capital markets. The current $10 million offering utilizes Tether’s USDT stablecoin as its base currency, providing investors with price stability while enabling global participation. All processes within this issuance—including fundraising, yield payments, and principal repayment—will occur entirely on-chain through the Liquid Network, Bitcoin’s sidechain solution designed for faster transactions and enhanced privacy features. The Liquid Network functions as a federated sidechain where Bitcoin can be transferred between the main chain and the sidechain through a process called peg-in and peg-out. This architecture enables the creation of digital assets, including security tokens, while maintaining interoperability with the Bitcoin ecosystem. Industry analysts note that using this infrastructure provides several advantages over traditional securities settlement systems, including near-instant settlement times, reduced counterparty risk, and transparent audit trails accessible to all network participants. Technical Implementation and Investor Protections Tokenized bonds on the Liquid Network employ smart contract functionality to automate key processes while maintaining compliance with regulatory requirements. The platform implements Know Your Customer (KYC) and Anti-Money Laundering (AML) protocols through its licensing framework, ensuring that only qualified investors can participate in these offerings. Yield payments occur automatically according to predetermined schedules encoded within the token’s smart contract, eliminating manual processing errors and reducing administrative costs for both issuers and investors. Regulatory Context and the CLARITY Act Implications The timing of this issuance coincides with ongoing legislative debates in Washington regarding the proper regulatory framework for cryptocurrency markets. The proposed Crypto-Asset Regulatory Clarity Act (CLARITY) includes provisions that could significantly impact stablecoin yield payments, creating uncertainty for platforms offering tokenized securities with stablecoin components. Congressional hearings throughout 2024 have revealed deep divisions among lawmakers regarding how to classify and regulate various crypto financial products, particularly those offering yield or interest-like returns. Financial regulators have expressed concerns about potential regulatory arbitrage, where companies might structure products to avoid securities laws while offering investment-like returns. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has previously indicated that many tokenized securities offerings likely fall under existing securities regulations, though specific guidance for blockchain-native instruments remains limited. This regulatory ambiguity creates both challenges and opportunities for innovative platforms like Bitfinex Securities, which must navigate complex compliance landscapes across multiple jurisdictions. Comparison of Tokenized Bond Offerings Feature 2023 Issuance 2025 Issuance Amount $6.2 million $10 million Currency USDT USDT Network Liquid Network Liquid Network Regulatory Environment Early-stage frameworks CLARITY Act debates Market Conditions Post-FTX recovery Maturing institutional adoption Global Regulatory Approaches to Tokenized Securities Different jurisdictions have adopted varying approaches to regulating tokenized securities, creating a complex international landscape. The European Union’s Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) regulation provides comprehensive frameworks for crypto asset service providers, while Asian financial hubs like Singapore and Hong Kong have developed progressive licensing regimes. These international developments influence how platforms structure their offerings and which markets they target for investor participation. Bitfinex Securities operates under licensing from the Astana Financial Services Authority in Kazakhstan, reflecting the global nature of digital asset markets and regulatory innovation occurring outside traditional financial centers. Market Impact and Institutional Adoption Trends The resumption of tokenized bond issuance signals growing institutional confidence in blockchain-based securities markets despite regulatory headwinds. Traditional financial institutions have increasingly explored tokenization pilots throughout 2024, with major banks and asset managers testing various use cases for distributed ledger technology in capital markets. These developments suggest a gradual convergence between traditional finance and blockchain innovation, though significant technical and regulatory hurdles remain before mainstream adoption can occur. Market data indicates several key trends driving institutional interest in tokenized securities: Operational Efficiency: Automated settlement and custody reduce administrative costs Market Accessibility: Fractional ownership enables broader investor participation Transparency: On-chain recordkeeping provides verifiable audit trails Innovation Potential: Programmable securities enable new financial products Industry analysts note that successful tokenized bond offerings could pave the way for more complex structured products, potentially transforming how capital markets operate. However, they caution that widespread adoption requires addressing several challenges, including interoperability between different blockchain networks, standardization of token formats, and clearer regulatory guidance across major financial jurisdictions. Competitive Landscape and Platform Differentiation Bitfinex Securities operates within a growing ecosystem of tokenized securities platforms, each with distinct approaches and technological foundations. Competitors include traditional financial institutions developing blockchain divisions, fintech startups specializing in security tokens, and cryptocurrency exchanges expanding into regulated products. The platform’s focus on the Liquid Network differentiates it from alternatives built on Ethereum or other smart contract platforms, potentially appealing to investors with specific preferences regarding network security, transaction costs, or interoperability with Bitcoin-based systems. Technological Infrastructure and Security Considerations The Liquid Network’s architecture provides specific advantages for tokenized securities, including enhanced transaction privacy through Confidential Transactions technology. This feature enables amounts to be encrypted while remaining verifiable through cryptographic proofs, addressing privacy concerns that might otherwise limit institutional adoption. The network’s federated consensus model, while differing from Bitcoin’s proof-of-work mechanism, offers faster block times and lower transaction fees suitable for securities trading and settlement. Security remains paramount for tokenized securities platforms, particularly given the substantial value represented by bond offerings. Bitfinex Securities implements multiple security layers, including multi-signature wallet configurations, cold storage for reserve assets, and regular security audits by independent firms. These measures aim to protect investor assets while maintaining the operational efficiency advantages of blockchain-based systems. The platform’s track record with previous offerings provides evidence of its ability to manage the technical complexities of on-chain securities issuance and administration. Future Developments and Industry Evolution The tokenized securities market continues evolving rapidly, with several technological and regulatory developments likely to shape its trajectory. Industry observers anticipate increased standardization efforts through organizations like the International Token Standardization Association (ITSA), which could improve interoperability between different platforms. Regulatory clarity in major markets, particularly regarding stablecoin treatment and securities classification, will significantly influence adoption rates and product innovation. Technological advancements in zero-knowledge proofs and other privacy-enhancing technologies may address remaining concerns about transaction confidentiality in regulated financial contexts. Conclusion Bitfinex Securities’ resumption of tokenized bond issuance represents a significant milestone in the maturation of blockchain-based capital markets. The $10 million offering on the Liquid Network demonstrates continued institutional interest in on-chain securities despite regulatory uncertainties surrounding stablecoin yield payments. As legislative debates continue regarding the CLARITY Act and similar regulatory frameworks, the success of this and similar offerings will provide valuable data points about market demand for tokenized financial instruments. The evolution of tokenized securities platforms like Bitfinex Securities will likely influence how traditional finance integrates blockchain technology, potentially transforming capital formation, securities settlement, and investment management in coming years. FAQs Q1: What is the Liquid Network and how does it relate to Bitcoin? The Liquid Network functions as a Bitcoin sidechain enabling faster transactions and confidential transfers while maintaining interoperability with the main Bitcoin blockchain through a two-way peg system. Q2: How do tokenized bonds differ from traditional bonds? Tokenized bonds represent ownership through blockchain-based digital tokens rather than paper certificates or electronic book entries, enabling automated processes, fractional ownership, and transparent on-chain settlement. Q3: What regulatory challenges do tokenized securities face? Tokenized securities must navigate complex regulatory landscapes including securities laws, stablecoin regulations, cross-border compliance issues, and evolving guidance from multiple financial authorities worldwide. Q4: Why use USDT for bond issuance instead of traditional currencies? USDT provides price stability similar to traditional currencies while enabling global accessibility, faster settlement times, and integration with blockchain-based financial infrastructure. Q5: How does this issuance relate to previous Bitfinex Securities offerings? This $10 million offering follows a $6.2 million tokenized bond issued in 2023, demonstrating the platform’s continued development of blockchain-based securities products despite market volatility and regulatory evolution. This post Bitfinex Securities Boldly Resumes $10M Tokenized Bond Issuance Amid Regulatory Uncertainty first appeared on BitcoinWorld .

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Riot Platforms Q4 gross margin slips from prior quarter and year-ago

  vor 6 Monaten

More on Riot Platforms Riot Platforms Q4 Earnings Preview: Late To The HPC Pivot, But Not Too Late To Buy Riot Platforms: AMD Today, Many AI Players Tomorrow Riot Platforms: Diversification Into Data Center Hosting Has Significant Upside Potential Riot Platforms stock climbs after Starboard Value letter urges more deals

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Monad Integrates Chainlink CCIP: A Revolutionary Leap for Cross-Chain cbBTC Transfers

  vor 6 Monaten

BitcoinWorld Monad Integrates Chainlink CCIP: A Revolutionary Leap for Cross-Chain cbBTC Transfers In a significant development for blockchain interoperability, the EVM-compatible layer-1 blockchain Monad has officially integrated Chainlink’s Cross-Chain Interoperability Protocol (CCIP). This integration, confirmed in a report by Cointelegraph, establishes a secure communication channel between the Monad chain and the Base network. Consequently, it enables the direct transfer of Coinbase’s wrapped Bitcoin token, cbBTC, marking a pivotal moment for asset mobility and decentralized finance (DeFi) infrastructure. This move strategically positions Monad within the expanding multi-chain ecosystem as of late 2024. Monad Chainlink CCIP Integration: Technical Breakdown The integration of Chainlink CCIP by Monad represents a sophisticated technical achievement. Fundamentally, CCIP acts as a standardized messaging layer. It allows smart contracts on Monad to send and receive data and tokens from other supported blockchains. For this specific use case, the protocol creates a verifiable and secure bridge for cbBTC. The process involves several key components working in concert. Firstly, a user locks their cbBTC tokens in a smart contract on the Base network. Subsequently, the Chainlink Decentralized Oracle Network (DON) attests to this lock event. The DON then relays a cryptographically verified proof to a corresponding smart contract on the Monad chain. Finally, this contract mints an equivalent representation of cbBTC on Monad. This entire flow is managed by Chainlink’s Risk Management Network, which actively monitors for anomalies. The system provides a robust security framework far exceeding simple bridge designs. Why CCIP Was the Chosen Solution Monad’s selection of Chainlink CCIP over other bridging solutions was likely driven by multiple factors. Chainlink has established itself as the industry standard for oracle services, with a proven track record of security and reliability. The CCIP protocol is built with a defense-in-depth approach, incorporating features like: Decentralized Execution: Transactions are validated by a independent network of nodes. Risk Management Network: A separate layer that monitors for malicious activity. Programmable Token Transfers: Allows for complex logic alongside simple asset transfers. This level of security is paramount when handling a Bitcoin-backed asset like cbBTC, where any exploit could lead to significant financial loss. Furthermore, CCIP’s design as a generalized messaging protocol means future integrations with other chains or data types become significantly easier for Monad developers. The Impact of cbBTC on the Monad Ecosystem The ability to transfer cbBTC onto the Monad chain is not merely a technical feature; it is a strategic catalyst for ecosystem growth. cbBTC is a fully collateralized representation of Bitcoin on the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) ecosystem, originally issued on Ethereum and available on Base. By bringing this major asset to its network, Monad unlocks several immediate possibilities. Primarily, it introduces a deep source of liquidity from the world’s largest cryptocurrency. Developers building decentralized applications (dApps) on Monad can now design products that utilize Bitcoin’s value without relying on synthetic or less-trusted versions. This includes lending and borrowing protocols, decentralized exchanges (DEXs), and yield-generating strategies. The table below outlines potential immediate use cases: Use Case Description Potential Benefit for Monad Collateralized Lending Users deposit cbBTC as collateral to borrow other assets. Attracts capital, increases Total Value Locked (TVL). Liquidity Pools cbBTC paired with MON or other native tokens on DEXs. Improves trading depth and reduces slippage. Yield Aggregation Automated strategies to earn yield on cbBTC deposits. Creates new financial products, attracts users. Moreover, this integration connects Monad directly to the vibrant Base ecosystem, which is backed by Coinbase and hosts a wide array of popular applications. It facilitates a smoother user experience for individuals holding assets on Base who wish to explore Monad’s high-performance environment. Expert Perspective on Interoperability Trends Industry analysts view integrations like Monad’s adoption of CCIP as part of a broader, irreversible trend toward a multi-chain future. Sergey Nazarov, Co-Founder of Chainlink, has frequently emphasized that the future of smart contracts is cross-chain. He states that applications will need to operate seamlessly across multiple environments to access unique users, liquidity, and features. Monad’s implementation aligns perfectly with this vision. By leveraging a standardized protocol like CCIP, Monad avoids building isolated, fragile bridges and instead plugs into a growing cross-chain highway. This decision reduces development overhead and enhances long-term security for its users. Monad’s Position in the EVM Landscape Monad is entering a competitive landscape of EVM-compatible blockchains, including giants like Ethereum, Avalanche, and Polygon. Its key differentiator is a focus on extreme performance while maintaining full bytecode compatibility with Ethereum. This means developers can port their existing Solidity smart contracts to Monad with minimal changes but experience significantly higher throughput and lower fees. The Chainlink CCIP integration serves as a critical piece of infrastructure that complements this technical vision. High performance is less valuable if the chain is an isolated silo. By ensuring secure and easy access to major assets like cbBTC, Monad addresses the liquidity and connectivity challenges that often hinder new layer-1 networks. This strategic move demonstrates that the Monad team is building not just a fast blockchain, but a fully-fledged and connected ecosystem. It signals to developers and users that Monad is serious about providing a viable, high-performance home for the next generation of dApps. Conclusion The integration of Chainlink’s Cross-Chain Interoperability Protocol by Monad is a foundational upgrade with far-reaching implications. It successfully enables the secure transfer of cbBTC from Base, injecting Bitcoin-based liquidity into the nascent Monad ecosystem. This technical decision, leveraging Chainlink’s battle-tested security model, underscores Monad’s commitment to robust and developer-friendly infrastructure. Ultimately, the Monad Chainlink CCIP integration is more than a bridge; it is a strategic declaration that Monad intends to be a connected, liquid, and secure player in the multi-chain world, positioning itself for substantial growth as interoperability becomes the standard. FAQs Q1: What is the primary benefit of Monad integrating Chainlink CCIP? The primary benefit is enabling secure, trust-minimized cross-chain transfers. Specifically, it allows users to move Coinbase’s cbBTC token from the Base blockchain directly onto the Monad chain, unlocking Bitcoin liquidity for Monad’s DeFi ecosystem. Q2: How does Chainlink CCIP ensure the security of cross-chain transfers? CCIP uses a decentralized oracle network and a separate Risk Management Network to validate and monitor all cross-chain messages. This multi-layered, defense-in-depth approach is designed to prevent exploits and provide robust security for transferred assets like cbBTC. Q3: Can other assets besides cbBTC be transferred using this integration? While the initial announcement highlights cbBTC, Chainlink CCIP is a generalized interoperability protocol. The same infrastructure can be configured to support the transfer of other tokens and even arbitrary data between Monad and other CCIP-supported chains in the future. Q4: Why is bringing cbBTC to Monad important for its ecosystem? Introducing cbBTC provides a major source of deep, Bitcoin-backed liquidity. This allows developers on Monad to build sophisticated DeFi applications like lending markets and decentralized exchanges that can utilize the world’s largest cryptocurrency as a core asset. Q5: Does this integration mean Monad is competing with Base or Ethereum? Not directly. The integration promotes interoperability, not competition. It allows assets and users to move fluidly between ecosystems. Monad aims to be a high-performance EVM environment, and connectivity via CCIP helps it leverage the liquidity and users of established networks like Base while offering its unique advantages. This post Monad Integrates Chainlink CCIP: A Revolutionary Leap for Cross-Chain cbBTC Transfers first appeared on BitcoinWorld .

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3 Green Days Power Strong Crypto ETF Week as Bitcoin ETFs Add $787 Million

  vor 6 Monaten

Crypto exchange-traded funds (ETFs) closed the week of Feb. 23–27 with strong net inflows, led by $787 million into bitcoin funds. Ether, solana, and XRP products also posted weekly gains despite late-week volatility. Combined $921 Million Inflow for Crypto ETFs Despite Friday Pause Momentum defined the week for crypto ETFs. After opening with heavy outflows

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ProCap Financial Boosts Bitcoin Holdings and Launches Major Stock Buyback

  vor 6 Monaten

ProCap Financial expanded its Bitcoin portfolio, now totaling more than 5,400 BTC. The company executed major share buybacks, narrowing the gap to Net Asset Value. Continue Reading: ProCap Financial Boosts Bitcoin Holdings and Launches Major Stock Buyback The post ProCap Financial Boosts Bitcoin Holdings and Launches Major Stock Buyback appeared first on COINTURK NEWS .

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Buterin Says Ethereum’s Biggest Bottlenecks Are State Tree and VM, Proposes Deep Fix

  vor 6 Monaten

Vitalik Buterin has proposed execution-layer changes that could fundamentally reshape Ethereum’s core architecture. The project’s co-founder argued that deep modifications to the network’s state tree and virtual machine are necessary to remove what he described as the chain’s biggest proving bottlenecks. In a detailed post on X, Buterin said that the state tree and VM together account for more than 80% of the constraints that affect proof efficiency and called them “basically mandatory” targets if Ethereum wants to enable scalable client-side and zero-knowledge proving use cases. Ethereum Overhaul He pointed to EIP-7864, a proposal developed by Guillaume Ballet and others, which would replace Ethereum’s current hexary Keccak-based Merkle Patricia Tree with a binary tree built on a more efficient hash function. According to Buterin, the change would shorten Merkle branches by roughly four times, by cutting bandwidth requirements and making client-side branch verification significantly cheaper. This could reduce data costs for tools such as Helios and private information retrieval systems by 4x, Buterin added. Proving efficiency could also be improved by 3-4 times from shorter branches alone. He expects additional gains if Ethereum shifts to hash functions such as BLAKE3, which is estimated to be three times more efficient than Keccak. Meanwhile, a Poseidon variant could offer up to 100 times improvement, though he noted further security work would be required. The proposed binary design would also group storage slots into 64-256-slot “pages” and allow more efficient loading and editing of adjacent storage, potentially saving more than 10,000 gas per transaction for applications that access early storage slots. Buterin explained that a prover-friendly state tree would also allow zero-knowledge applications to compose directly with Ethereum’s state instead of building independent trees, while at the same time simplifying the structure and enabling metadata additions for future state expiry mechanisms. Beyond the state tree overhaul, Buterin made the case for eventually replacing the Ethereum Virtual Machine with a RISC-V-based VM, as he described the idea as longer-term and non-consensus. But he expressed high conviction that it would become “the obvious thing to do” after state roadmap upgrades are complete. Possible Deployment Roadmap The Ethereum co-founder said that a RISC-V VM would be more execution-efficient, more prover-friendly, and simpler, while noting that many existing provers are already written in RISC-V and that an interpreter could be implemented in only a few hundred lines of code. He detailed a phased transition plan beginning with using the new VM for precompiles, then allowing developers to deploy contracts directly in the new VM, and ultimately retiring the EVM into a compatibility layer written as a smart contract in the new system. Under that roadmap, users would retain full backward compatibility apart from gas cost changes, which Buterin said would likely be overshadowed by scaling improvements in the coming years. Buterin’s latest push comes just days after he introduced a quantum-resistance roadmap, which included proposals to replace consensus-layer BLS signatures with hash-based schemes such as Winternitz variants. The post Buterin Says Ethereum’s Biggest Bottlenecks Are State Tree and VM, Proposes Deep Fix appeared first on CryptoPotato .

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